'"]
[Footnote 61: At that time the nostrils of convicts were cut off.
[Footnote 61: At that time the nostrils of convicts were cut off.
Pushkin - Daughter of the Commandant
]
[Footnote 47: Formula of consent. ]
[Footnote 48: One _verchok_ = 3 inches. ]
[Footnote 49: Grandson of Peter the Great, succeeded his aunt, Elizabeth
Petrofna, in 1762; murdered by Alexis Orloff in prison at Ropsha. ]
[Footnote 50: Torture of the "_batogs_," little rods, the thickness of a
finger, with which a criminal is struck on the bare back. ]
[Footnote 51: Edict or ukase of Catherine II. ]
[Footnote 52: Pugatch means bugbear. ]
[Footnote 53: Sarafan, dress robe. It is a Russian custom to bury the
dead in their best clothes. ]
[Footnote 54: Girdles worn by Russian peasants. ]
[Footnote 55: Peter III. ]
[Footnote 56: Little flat and glazed press where the Icons or Holy
Pictures are shut up, and which thus constitutes a domestic altar or
home shrine. ]
[Footnote 57: _Ataman_, military Cossack chief. ]
[Footnote 58: 1 petak = 5 kopek copper bit. ]
[Footnote 59: First of the false Dmitri. ]
[Footnote 60: Allusion to the old formulas of petitions addressed to the
Tzar, "I touch the earth with my forehead and I present my petition to
your 'lucid eyes.
'"]
[Footnote 61: At that time the nostrils of convicts were cut off. This
This barbarous custom has been abolished by the Tzar Alexander. ]
[Footnote 62: Daughter of another Commandant of a Fort, whom Pugatchef
outraged and murdered. ]
[Footnote 63: Name of a robber celebrated in the preceding century, who
fought long against the Imperial troops. ]
[Footnote 64: In the torture by fire the accused is tied hand and foot;
he is then fixed on a long pole, as upon a spit, being held at either
end by two men; his bare back is roasted over the fire. He is then
examined and abjured by a writer to confess, and any depositions he may
make are taken down. ]
[Footnote 65: Slight skirmish, wherein the advantage remained with
Pugatchef. ]
[Footnote 66: Frederick, son of Frederick; name given to Frederick the
Great by the Russian soldiery. ]
[Footnote 67: Title of a superior officer. ]
[Footnote 68: Hazard game at cards. ]
[Footnote 69: Diminutive of Emelian. ]
[Footnote 70: Little summer carriage. ]
[Footnote 71: Fedor Poushkin, a noble of high rank, ancestor of the
author, was executed on a charge of treason by Petr' Alexiovitch the
Great. ]
[Footnote 72: Leaders of the Russian faction against John Ernest, Duc de
Biren, Grand Chamberlain, and favourite of the Tzarina, Anne Ivanofna.
Both were executed in a barbarous manner. ]
[Footnote 73: Anna, daughter of Blaize.
[Footnote 47: Formula of consent. ]
[Footnote 48: One _verchok_ = 3 inches. ]
[Footnote 49: Grandson of Peter the Great, succeeded his aunt, Elizabeth
Petrofna, in 1762; murdered by Alexis Orloff in prison at Ropsha. ]
[Footnote 50: Torture of the "_batogs_," little rods, the thickness of a
finger, with which a criminal is struck on the bare back. ]
[Footnote 51: Edict or ukase of Catherine II. ]
[Footnote 52: Pugatch means bugbear. ]
[Footnote 53: Sarafan, dress robe. It is a Russian custom to bury the
dead in their best clothes. ]
[Footnote 54: Girdles worn by Russian peasants. ]
[Footnote 55: Peter III. ]
[Footnote 56: Little flat and glazed press where the Icons or Holy
Pictures are shut up, and which thus constitutes a domestic altar or
home shrine. ]
[Footnote 57: _Ataman_, military Cossack chief. ]
[Footnote 58: 1 petak = 5 kopek copper bit. ]
[Footnote 59: First of the false Dmitri. ]
[Footnote 60: Allusion to the old formulas of petitions addressed to the
Tzar, "I touch the earth with my forehead and I present my petition to
your 'lucid eyes.
'"]
[Footnote 61: At that time the nostrils of convicts were cut off. This
This barbarous custom has been abolished by the Tzar Alexander. ]
[Footnote 62: Daughter of another Commandant of a Fort, whom Pugatchef
outraged and murdered. ]
[Footnote 63: Name of a robber celebrated in the preceding century, who
fought long against the Imperial troops. ]
[Footnote 64: In the torture by fire the accused is tied hand and foot;
he is then fixed on a long pole, as upon a spit, being held at either
end by two men; his bare back is roasted over the fire. He is then
examined and abjured by a writer to confess, and any depositions he may
make are taken down. ]
[Footnote 65: Slight skirmish, wherein the advantage remained with
Pugatchef. ]
[Footnote 66: Frederick, son of Frederick; name given to Frederick the
Great by the Russian soldiery. ]
[Footnote 67: Title of a superior officer. ]
[Footnote 68: Hazard game at cards. ]
[Footnote 69: Diminutive of Emelian. ]
[Footnote 70: Little summer carriage. ]
[Footnote 71: Fedor Poushkin, a noble of high rank, ancestor of the
author, was executed on a charge of treason by Petr' Alexiovitch the
Great. ]
[Footnote 72: Leaders of the Russian faction against John Ernest, Duc de
Biren, Grand Chamberlain, and favourite of the Tzarina, Anne Ivanofna.
Both were executed in a barbarous manner. ]
[Footnote 73: Anna, daughter of Blaize.
